Means for indicating and synchronizing the velocities of two elements



F eb. 12, 1929@ c.-G.'cLlNcH ET'AL IENS FOR INDlCATING AND SVYNGHRONIZING THE VELOCITIES Of' TWO ELEMENT-S Filed June y26. 1926 Feb. 12, 1929'.

c. G. cLlNcH ET AL MEANS FOR INDICATING AND SYNCHRONIZIG VLOGITIES OF TWO ELEMENTS 7" Sheets-Sheet 3 L'ABS.

Feb. 12, 1929.

C. G. CLINCH ETAL MEANS FOR` INDIGATING AND SYNCHRONIZING THE VELOGITIES OF TWO ELEMENTS Filed June 26, 192e 7 Sheets-sheet 5 c. G. AazLuwcl-i 5T AL MEANS FCR INDCATING AND SYNCHRONIZING THE VELOCITXES OF TWO ELEMENTS 7 Sheets-Shen Filed June V26, 19726 wm@ @Q Feb. 12, 1929. 1,701,495

c. G. @UNCH ET MEANS FOR INDICATING `AND SYNVGHRONZNG THEVELOGITIES OF TWC ELEMENTS Filed Jun@ 26, 192e fr sheets-sheet v v ramas Feb. 12, leze. 1,701,495: carinoA 4stares PATENT OFFICE.

GBLLR'L-S CLINCH, NAPOLEON RIGABAR, ANBCHARLES R. GIBBS, 0F CARTHAGE,

NEW YRB'.; SAID GIBBS ASSIGNOR TO ERNEST E. EDDY, OF WATERTOWN, NEW y FOR INDIOATING ANZI) SYNCHRONIZING' THE VELOCITIES OF TWG ELEMENTS.

Application nled, linne 26, 1926. ySerial Nd. 118,652. This invention relates tomeans formatochine disclosed in Fig. l, showing the difmaticaliJ indicating differentials between, ferential indicating and synchronizing or 55 and svnchronizing or controlling the veloc-y speed controlling mechanism in operative ities olf tivo elements or surfaces.' relation thereto.

The principal objects of the invention arc- Fig. i is a front elevation of 'the parts tc provide means' for .automatically indishown in Fig. 3. eating differential between and synchro- Fig. iis ag sectional elevation of the form 50 nizi'ng the relative velocities of two relatively of speed controlling mechanism which is moving elements or surfaces; 'also to provide shown in Figs. 3 and 4. means adapted to be actuated by the mcve- Fig. 6 is a transverse, sectional elevation ment of said elements, and which, when dif thereof, on line -6-6, Fig. 5.

ferentials occur between thevelocities of Fig. Z is a similar view thereof, on line 55 said elements, isadapted to automatically 7-7, Fig. 5.

eifect the synchronizationfof the velocities Fig. 8 is a transverse section thereof, on

of said elements; also to provide synchro' line 88, Fig. 5. nizing means adapted to actuate a signal Fig. 9 isa fragmentary, side elevation of for indicating normal and abnormal condi- Aportions'of the mechanism shown in Fig. 70 if tions relative to the moving elements; also 5 with the parts-in a different position.

to provide synchronizing means for the purf Fig. l0 is a diagrammatic, side elevation pose stated which is adapted to he actuated of a papcrlmaking machine of the cylinder by the movement of said 4elements with the type, in Which the velocities of the VWire minimum of power, and to provide relay or cylinder and `felt are controlled inaccordspeedcontrol means adapted to he actuated ancewith this invention, by differential inu icy said synchronizing means to control and dlCating and synchronizing or controlling SynchmmgQ-the velocitignof Said movi-ng means ofsomevvhat different construction to elements, as. by the actuation of a variable that shown in the previous figures.

speed mechanism or device. Fig.y 1l is a longitudinal sectional elevathey omectg. f the invention are t0 prction of the synchronizing mechanism shown vide indicating or synchronizing or controlin Fig. 1i).U ling means of the character described .for Fig. 1 2 is a fragmentary, sectional plan use on paper making machines7 for indientview of the speedv controlling mechanism of ing and synchronizing and controlling the Fig. 107.011 line l2-l2, Fig. 18. 85 relative velocities of two members-thereof; Fig. 13 is a plan vievv of the synchronizand also to improve means of this sort in the ing mechanism Shown in Fig. ll. other respects hereinafter specified and Fig. M 'is a transverse section thereof on claimed. l line 14.-14,7Fig. 13.

in the drawings Fig. l5 is a transverse'section of the form 'Fig is a diagrammatic illustration of Of :synchronizing mechanism Shown in Figs.. the wet end of a Harper vpaper making lSand 4, on line l5-l5, Fig; machine, having applied thereto one form of 5 Fig. 1G is a fragmentary plan view. of the automatic differential indicating and speed drive sidefoffthe Cylinllcliaoer making masynchronizing mechanism, embodying the chine, shown in Fig. l0. l present invention, forl indicating" and syn! Fig. -is a Ycliagiammatic illustration of chronizing or controlling -the velocities of the signalling means adapted to "se actuated the Wire screen and felt thereof. 'i i `loy the synchronizing mechanism shown C is' a diagrammatic vievv showing Fig. ll. V g connections'for the illumi- Fig. i8 is a side elevation, nartly'i.i secnatcd s al, which is actuated the syntion, of the form of relay or speed controlchroniz mechanism, and is einnloyed'; for' ling mechanism for eecting the control of operative oi conditions of m{nef-the variable speed mechanism the machine schine. shown in Figs. l0 and l5. i ign E is diagrannnatic view, on an en ig. 4is a transverse, sectional vieta iarged scale, the driving of the thereof online lh-l, 18.

2` y naci ln paper makino' machines, tor example, of the Harper type, a travelingvire screen is used to carry a layer of .pulp stoel; into a position Where an endless travelingv nieltT or apron is pressed against the screen so that the layer of stock is imposed upon the felt, to be carried thence to the press rolls and driers It is necessary that the velocities et thev screen and felt be identical so that the layer oi paper is transferred from one meniber to the other without strain or other nndesirable condition ati'ecting the strength and quality of the paper. While the felt is usually driven directly from a prime mover, the Wire screen isfdriven throu .y a variable speed device, such as a conepu ley 'and belt having a shifter device. i

Dilierent-ials in the intended speeds of the screen and telt occur, dne to various-Well known reasons, and it has been the practice to attempt to eliminate these, and synchronine7 as far as possible, the velocities of the two elements by manually actua-ting the, shifter of the cone pulley belt to change the speed oithe Wire screen. Y

Such methods, however, are only lipproximate, and depend largely npon thel individnal judgment of the operative, and in any event, the undesirable conditions remain until his attention is called, in soniemanner, to thevv presence of such conditions, as by a difference in sound of the moving-parts, by an examination orl the product from the nia-- chine, or otl'ierwise.

In the present application, the terni synchro-nizeis intended to cover the control of the velocities of the two.` elements, not only then these are alike, but also when the. velocities are of Yany desired or predetermined ratio.

Briefly described`r the automaticy velocity indicating and synchronizing means. oft this invention comprises a differential mechanism, such as any Well known type of gear differential,A .having its two rotatable members or shafts operatively connected with parts engagp/ing,` the .elements to beA synchronined and movable thereby at the same. velocity as the respective elements.' As' long as therev is no variation .in the velocities ot' the tivo elements, no differential action occurs in said mechanisnn but when snc-h vari-- ations occur7 then the differential movement resulting,` in said mechanism is made use of to actuate either directly or indirectly@ (preferably the latter for practical reasons),` the variable speed device or other means nsed to drive and change the` speed of one of n'ioving elements7 'as to change the velocity thereof and synchronize it with that of said other element. in practice, We

prefer to employ, between the dilierential mechanism and the variable speed niechanisin, means adapted to be actuated by the rotation of the planetary gear element ot the dificrential mechanism, and Whicl'i in turn actnates the variable speed mechanism, to efect sach synchrimization..A

The invention is applica-ble widely to many diierent situationsv vwhere it is desirable to synchronize the velocities ot two moving elements, Whether. these are in. contact or not, and will Aklleclt such synchro-` nization Whether hey are both intended to. operate at the same speedy or in any speed ratio one to the other.

in the present application, the invent-ion is disclosed, in use on paper making niachinery, two variations being shown-,-v one in connection. with aa Harper type of niachine for automatically indicating` and synchronizing the velocities oli the. endless Wire screen and felt' apron" thereof,v and the other in connection Withcy'linder type of paper makingv inafh-ine'ior synchronizing the peripheral velocity of' the rotary Wire screen `with thatoir1 the endless -felt. .llt is to be nndersc'oe l, honf'ever, that either iorm may be used Wit i each type ci" machine, and also that the invention may beemployed to indicate differentials; in* and synchronize the velocities of any tyvoother traveling' or rotating parts or units o i paper maohinesol the types mentioned, oit" other types, and

the parts or nrritsv t' many otherk niachines or apparatus, either mechanical', hydraulic or electricah or combinations .thereoi.' Furthermore, the. particular construction ci 'the ditlerential mechanism and the means. actnated thereby toA control the vari'- able speed mechanism may be varied to snit conditions inetivith, will be apparent from the subject matter to follow.

Ilie Harper paper machine, Figs'. l, and e includes as nsnal, anendless Wire screen aron i0l n )on the 11n-3er run of which they pnlp, in suspension, is deposited and is carried in the direction of'V the arrow, whilev most of the Water drains. away through the meshes of the screen. The screen l0 passes dovmwardly over, and is driven by, a conch roll il, and thentravels rearwardly over idler guide. rolls l2. Ano ther idler guide roll 12 is` also positioned beneath the upper run of the screen adjacent the conch roll The conch roll- 11 is driven by a vari-able speed mechanism, comprising; a cone pnlley 13 fixed on a shaft le. having,v pinion l5 meshing with a gear 16, set-,ined7 in tarn, on a shaft 17 on Which the conch roll ll is The conc- 13 is rotated by a belt ld passing over a pulley 19,

rotated by a pulley 20. on thesaine shaft;v and .belt 2l, through the medium ofy a pulley 22 on a line shaft 23. in endless apron 25A, or l elt l is pressed against. the screen 'l0 as it over they roll ll, to pick and remove the layer of pnlp. therefrom by a loosely mounted conch roll" 2th beneath which it passes in the. saaie direction. asthe wire turned by a hand Wheel 37.

"screen 10, and the felt are the two ele' screen and thence travels forwardly over a turning' roll 27, and then upwardly and rearwardly over idler guidelrolls 28 to and between pairl of rolls 29 of the press, 'where the paper web leaves the felt and passes throuo'h the ress and drier sectionsof the is substantially equivalent to, that ofthe` press roll 29 over which it passes, and this roll receive it rotation from a 'pulley 32, connected by a belt 83 to a pulley 34E on the line shaft 23. The felt 25, therefore, is directly driven at a substantially-predetermined speed, while the wire screenv 10 is adapted to be driven through the variable speed device, as described. h 1

In accordance with the previous, practice, the velocity of the screen 10 has been regulated by manually 'shifting the belt 18 lengthwise of the conepulley, so as to drive said pulley, and through itand the gears described, the couch roll 11 at the same velocity as the felt 30, as nearly as could be ascertained,. and when obvious 'variations or ditlerentials `in velocities between these two members occurred, for any reason, the position of the belt 18 on the cone pulley 18 has been changed. l

The belt shifting,- means comprises the usual screw shaft 36, and belt shifter or yoke transversely movable on saidA shaft, which is prevented from endwise movement and is In. the present instance, therefore, the ivire ments, the velocities of which it is desired to automatically indicate andsynchronize or control, through the means of this invention.

The' differential mechanism shown in Figs. 3, et and l5, is of a well known forni comprising a casing 40 having therein a pair of opposed bevel gears al, @attached respectively to alined shafts elli, one of which preferablyA extends through the other and is rotatable therein. The shafts 43, let are jiournalled in bearings d5, and an end of each shaft extends outwardly through the casing', for the attachment thereto of' pulleys 46, Il?, respectively;

Loosely Yiournalled about the inner end of the shaft t3 for rotation thereon is a forli 5() in the outer, opposite ends of which are journalled stub shafts 51 each carrying bevelled pinion 52. rlhe shafts 5l are arranged in alinernent at diametrically opposite sides of the of the shafts 48 and la and per- 1')endicular thereto and are adapted to support their pinio'ns in mesh 1with both of th bevelled pinions' Ll1 and 4t2. 'is long as l pulleys l5 and 47 turn at t same speed, two pinions l1 and Ll2 will lilrewise turn a 1 'til l the same speed, and the pinions 52 will turn idly therewith, but should a differential occur in the velocities of said pulleys, the fork or member will be rotated about the airis of the shafts d3 and 4A in one direction or another. rlfhe direction in whichv `this movement occurs is preferably indicated by means of a pointer 53 secured outside of the case elO'to the extended hub 5d the foi-lr- The pulleys L16 Aand* d? are adapted to be rotated by the trav-el of the felt 25 and screen 10 respectively7 and at the same velocities, 'to drive the differential mechanism, this being accomplished in any suitable manner. f

ln the arrangement shown in- Figs. 1, 3 and d, freely rotatable parts over which the cle ments 1G and 25 pass, such as one of the idler rolls 12and one of the idler rolls 30,

respectively, are utilized'for this purpose,

the noveincnt vof the lroll 12, for example, being)T transferred to the pulley 4:7 by a; crossed belt 56 passing thereover land over a pulley 57 secured tothe shaft of the roll 12. Likewise, the idler roll 30 vhas secured to its shaft a pulley .5S of the same diameter as the roll,lthisl pulley being connected to the other` pulley 46- of the diierential by a belt 59. For convenience, the rolls 12 and 30 and their respective pulleys 57 and 5S, andthe differential pulleys 46 and el? are all made of the same diameter, so that the pulleys .46 and 47 are rotated at the saine velocities as'the felt 25 and screen l0 respectively, through the connections described. Y

lt will be seen from the foregoing that when the velocity of the-screen 10, for, eriample, varies from that of the felt 25, a rotation of the fork 50 occurs, and thisuota-v tive movement is utilized in any suitable manner for the purpose of turning the screwA shaft 36 of the shifter mechanism in one;r`

direction or the other, so as to shift the belt.v 18 longitudinally of the cone pulley 13 tof,

eliect-"the necessary change in speed of the couch roll l1, through the described connections, to correct or eliminate thevariation in speed between the elements and automatically synchronize the velocities thereof.

lt is undesirable, however, in practice, to place anyA substantial load on the pulleys 57 and 58 of the idler rolls 12and 30, as

otherwise slipping would occur between these sort, kin the nature of a relay` is interposed between said .nenber 50. and the shifter mechanism for the belt 18 for the purpose of increasing the power which results from the rotative movement of said member 50 and translating this movement. into the linear movement necessary to ellect the shifting of said belt 18.

The relay or controlling means for this purpose can be of any suitable construction or type, for example, the rotation of the member 50 could be used to actuate switches,

to control a reversibleelectric motor suitably4 trated in detail'in Figs. 1Q, 18 and 19.

The mechanical relay yor control device shown in Figs. 3 to 9, and employed for the purpose set forth, -is constructed follows:

Rigidly secured on the shifter ssrew shaft 36 adjacent one'end thereof. are two ratchet wheels (l5 and 6G, disposed between a pair of supporting brackets 67 for supporting that end o'f the shaft, the other end thereof being journalled, so as to prevent endwise movement ofthe shaft, in a bracket GS.

Dogs or detents 69 and 70 are provided for the ratchets 65 and 66 respectively. r)Chose dogs extend horizontally in the plane of the ratchets, and are each pivoted at one end to the upper end of a lever 71 at one side of the screw shaft, while the free ends thereof are supported at the opposite side of the screw shaft on rollers or the link 72. dog` is provided, between its ends, with a detent tooth for engagement with the teeth of the corresponding ratchet. r1`he lower ends of the levers 71 are pivoted to a fixed plug. and they are both connected by means of a rod 73 to an eccentric strap 74 surrounding an eccentric 75 fixed on a shaft 7 6 extendingparallel with the screw shaft atl one side thereof. rlhis shaft 7 6 is provided with a pulley 77 which is rotated from any suitable adjacent part ofthe machine for actuating the eccentric, for example, by means of a belt 78, Figs. 3 and 4, and a small pulley 79 on the shaft 14 of the cone pulley 13. rlhe supporting rollers 72 for the dogs G9 and 7() are. each journallcd in a fork at the upper end of a vertical lrod 80. Each rod slidably extends through guide sleeves S1 of fixed brackets and the lower end of each rod-is pivoted to an end of a rocker 82%. rigidly secured on a horizontal roch shaft S4 journalled in fixed bearings S5.

' contact Each von/ees The shaft 8st is adapted to be turned, in any suitable way, by the rotatable member 50 of the differential, as by a coupling 86 connecting it to one end of a flexible shaft 87 and the other end of which is secured to the outer end of said rotatable fork or memloer 50. As long as there is no dilferential movement indicated in the differential, and consequently no rotation of the member 50, the dogs 69 and 70 will be in the position shown in Fig. 7 that is, with their respective teeth or detents disengaged from their respective ratchet wheels, for at this time the rocker 83 will be horizontal and the rollers 7 2 will both be at the same elevation.

Consequently, the reciprocation of the dogs through the eccentric 7 5, and the oscillation of the levers 71 will have -no effect on the ratchets, and the screw shaft 36 will remain stationary. Thus, the ratchet control device will be inert and the position of the shifter yoke 35 will not be changed. However, as soon as differential occurs, causing rotative movement of the member 50, the flexible shaft 87 will turn the rock shaft 84 and rocker 88 in one direction or another, elevating' one of the rollers 72 to a position in which it will hold its dog entirely out of with the corresponding ratchet wheel, at the same time lowering the other roller T2, and allow its dog to engage its ratchet.

rlhe rotation of the eccentric 75 will now cause the dog, which remainsl in contact with the corresponding ratchet, to move this ratchet step'by step in one direction and effect an intermittent rotation of the screw shaft in that direction.` Thus the shifter fork 35 will travel lengthwise ofthe screw in a direction to shift the belt v18 on the cone 13 so as to either increase or decrease the speed of the couch roll 1l the case may be, in order to synchronize the velocity of the wire screen or element 10 driven thereby with that of the felt E25. YWhen the necessary change kin speed has been effected, and the two elements have been synchronized, the differential movement of the member 50 will gradually decrease and finally cease,`

and the two pulleys #t6 and 47 will then rotate their respective shafts at the same speed, thus permitting the rocker 83 to again assume its normal horizontal position, and

' allow both dogs G9 and 70 to disengagc from rangement, as before stated, the requirement to synchronize the vvelocities of the two 'Cil Vso

momes elements for the purpose of producing a uniforni product. However, should the velocity of the felt or element fluctuate from any A cause, the indicating and synchronizing element 90 in the form of an endless apron' which passes between and is driven by a pair` of press rolls 91 and is guided by a plurality of idler` guide rolls 92. The forward end of the felt 90 passes beneath a floating couch roll 93 and over a turning roll 94. The couch roll 93 is adapted to press the feit 90 into Contact with a rotary screen or cylinder 05, the periphery of whichis'covered with wire mesh and which rotates in a vat 96, as usual, to pick up the pulp held in suspensionin the vat and transfer it to said felt 90. 1 l

lhe rotary screen or drum 95 constitutes th@ other element equivalent to the vwire screen 10 of the previous construction, and

the velocity of which itis desired to auto-- matically synchronize with that of the felt' -The cylinder 95 is driven through a varialole speed transmission mechanismv interposed between its shaft 97 and the extended shaft 33 of one of the press rolls 91, which in turn receives its power from the-.bevel gear 39 and pinion 100. A cone pulley 101 has its shaft operatively connected to the shaft 3 by sprocket and chain 102, and a helt 103 passing over said cone 101 also passes o another cone pulley 104 having on its shaft 105 a pinion 10G meshing with a gear 10?- secured on the shaft 97 of the cylf 'indcr 9:5; vThe shifter screw shaft 103 is ro? tatably mounted and secured from endwise movement at one side of the pulley 104 and is provided with a shifter yoke 109, embrac ing the hel-t 103 for shifting ne same on the cone10e. rlhe described drive connections are such that when the belt 103 is approxn mately midway between the ends of the cones 101, 104, the velocity of the cylinder r95 substantially the same that of 'the felt 90.

The slightly modified differential mechas nism u in connection with this ci. linder machine is shown' at 112, 10 13, and the relay or controlling means interposed between said mechanism and the variable spoed mechanism is indicated at 113. This devic 113 is in the form a hydraulic engine or motor for automatically changing velocity and direction of rotation of the cone of the variable speed mechanism indi- Vcated ihy the synchronizing lmechanism.

This mechanism 113 comprises a-,casingf114- in which is arranged a pair of sylphon heli` lows 11.5, 116 or other members adapted to expand upon the introduction of av Huid thereinto, such as water, conveyed thereto hy -means of' pipes 11T', 113, respectively, con- "nected thereto and extendingout of saideasing 114. The diaphragm 120 of each bellows is connected to a plunger rod 121 extending downwardly therefrom.' The diaphragm 120 and rod 121 are normallyT held in the upper position shown in FigsVlS and 19, by a coil spring 122 bearing against the diaphragm and against a collar 123 loosely Vsurrounding the plunger and engaging a transverse fixed part 124 through which the rod 121 extends. The lower ends of the two rods 121 are pivotally connected to horizontal yokes' or forks 126, 127, respectively. The-inner ends of both forks are pivoted or hinged on a transverse shaft 128 j ournalled in the casing 114 and having one of its ends -extending therethrough and provided with a. pulley 129. Secured on the shaft 128 between the forks is a pinion 130 meshing with a similar pinion 131V on a transverse shaft 132 journalled in the yoke 126, and on which is rigidly secured a roller 133. A similar shaft 134 is journalled in theother yoke 127. This shaft is also provided with a roller 135 and pinion 136, the latter meshing in turn with an idler pinion 137 which engages and is rotated by -the pinion 130 on the shaft 128. .It will he seen that the rotation of the shaft will drive the rolls 133 and 135` i in opposite directions. Disposed beneath the rollers 133 and 135, and in spaced relan .tion thereto, is a large roll 140 secured on a transverse shaft 141 journalled in the casing and having a pinion 142 meshing with. a gear 143 on another transverse shaft 144 which, in turn, is providedwith a pinion 145 meshing with a gear 146 on still anothr r shaft 147, one end of which extends through the casing .and has secured thereon a sprocket wheel 143. This sprocket wheel is connected by means of a sprocket chain 149 to anothersprocket wheel 150 secured to one end of the shifter screw shaft 103. The pulley 129 on the shaft 123 isiconnected by means of 'a belt 151 to a pulley 152 secured to the shaft 105 of the cone pulley 104. The shaft 123 and the two rollers 133, 135 are constantly driven from thc shaft 105 through the described connections, but in normal operation, or long as there is no duction of into one or the other of the sylphon bellows 115 or 110, depressing the diaphragm and plunger thereof and roclring the yoke'connccted thereto about the shaft 128, thus moving one of the rollers 133 or 135 into contact with the roller 1410. The roller 140 will thus be rotated in one direction or the other by friction, end through 'the described gear train and sprocket connections, cause, a rotation olf rthe shifter screw 108 -to move the belt lengthwise in one direction or another along the conc 10-1 in the proper direction to eil'eet the synchronization of thevelocity of the cylinder with that ofthe felt 90.

The diiierentialmechanism 112 is of somewhat different form te that shown in Figs. 3, 4: and 15, butis of a similar type. r1his mechanism, see Figs. 11,13 and 111, includes a casing 155 in which is journalled two axially alined stub shafts 156, 157. These extend through bearings in the casing and are provided on their inner ends with pinions 158, 159 respectively. rilhe outer end of the shaft 156 has -secured thereto a pulley 160, and the corresponding end of the shaft 157 has secured theretov a pulley 161. A rot-atable ring or member 162 embraces, and is journalled on the hubs of the pinions 158, 159, and is provided with diametricully opposed pinions 163, 1641 meshing with bot-lr` pinions 158, 159. The rotary ring or inember 162, has an annular groove or track 165* in which are disposed a pairV oli arcuate friction shoes 166 havingtheir lower ends pivotedl or hinged together -at 167, while theirY opposite ends are provided with lugs 168v spaced .apart. A rod 169 extends through the lugs and has a head between which and one of the lugs is an expansion spring 170101* rictionally holding the shoes against the bottom of the groove 165. The 'two lugs 168 and 169 extend at opposite sides'of'and in spaced relation vto a finger 171 iixed on a transverse rod 172, the ends of which extend through holes at opposite sides of the casing. The rod is provided with stop pinsv 17 3v between which and the side walls of 'the casing expansion springs 174 are arranged to yieldingly hold the iinger 171 midway between the lugs 168 and 169, as shown in 11 and 153. One end or' the rod 172 is operatively connectedto an Qrdinaryl ltour-way hydraulic pilot valve 172ZL or well known construction providedt with an inlet pipe 175 vand an outlet pipe 176 for the entrance and exit or water or other fluid. Llhe valve is provided with two ports connecting respectively with cthe pipes 117 and 116 leading to the'sylphon valves 115, 116, and is normally ield in to close th tor said pipes 117 l u h the '"prings ,-c di eventful nier" ncrto a freely rotatable part ci the machine eiigaging with and mov/ing at the same'velocity as. one of the elements to be synchronized, yin this ease, the idler roll 92'over which the telt 90 passes. The extended shaft '180 of this roll is provided with a pulley 161, connected by a belt 182 to said pulley 160, said roll 92, pulleys 181 and 160, being all o'l the same diameter, so that the pulley 160 travels at the saine velocity as the elenient 90. The other pulley 1610i' the differenrtial mechanism is likewise connected by a belt 183 to a pulley 184: on the end of the shait of the cone pulley 101 or a pulley ron shaft 97 having the same diameter as the cylinder 95. rlhe pulleys 161 and 181- are et like diameter vand the diameter or' the pulley 18e is such that, through its gear connections with the sha-'ft 97, it is ,adapted to have the same peripheral velocity as that of' the rotary screen or element 95.

llhen no differential occurs between the velocities, of the two elements 90 and 95, there will be no diiierential movement of the ring 162, and the friction shoes 166 will remain substantially stationary, thus allowing the rod 172 to maintain its central position shown in 'Fig'. 11, so that the hydraulic valve' will be in a position to close the ports leading to the pipe 117 and 116. Therefore, there will be no actuation ot' the sylphon bellows `for the. fluid entering the"`pipe 175 will pass directly through the valve and out ot the outlet pipe 175. Whein however, differential occurs in the velocity of the two elements 90` 95, the differential ring`162 will rotate and carry the shoes 166 therewith in irictional contact in one direction or another until one oit the lugs 168 engages and shifts the linger 171, rod 172 and valve 173 in one direction or the other to permit iuid to enter one ol the pipes 117 or 118, thus actuating one oi' the sylphon bellows and engaging the corresponding roller 133 or 135 with the roller 140. lflfhen this occurs, the 4roller 1410, through the described gear and sprocket. connections, will rotate the .shifter screw 108 to move the shittcr yoke 109 in the proper direction toshilit the belt 103 and change the speed of the cone pulley 10-1, thus synchronizing the velocity of the cylinder 95 with `that oi the ielt 90. lllhen this synchronization has been effected, the various parts or the dilllerential mechanism 112 and the relay or control nicfvfliunism 11!) will again positions, and the rofissume their normal 'ne screw 105l will vease.

on of discribcd cmisl'rucrions of the dilithis lll of the controlling Cri ties of said carrier elements, and means adapted to be actuated b y the movement ot said differential. member to kautomaticall-y change the. velocity ot' one of said carrier elements and synchronize the saine vvitli that of said other carrier element.

2A hlcans for automatically synchronizingthe velocities; of two movable carrier elements each having a sur tace portion in close proximity to the otherand moving in the same lineal' direction, one otl said carrier elements being driveir through a variable speed n'iechanism, said automatic synchronizing means including tivo rotatable members one f which operatively engages each of said carrier elements so as to be rotated through the movement tliereoil and atleast one oi? said members being Afreely rotatable and trictionally engaging one of said carrier elements so as to be rotated thereby at a peripheral speed corresponding to the velocity of said carrier element, a differential mechanism operatively associated With and driven by said rotatable iiieinbers, said differential mechanism having a ditlerentialmember which moves as the speeds ot said rotatable -members vary when differentials occur between .the velocities ot said carrier elements, and means adapted to be actuated 4by 4the movement of said di'liierential meniber to ac tiiate said variablespeed mechanism to automatically effect a change in the velocity ot' the carrier element driven there through and synchronize it With that ot said other carrier elenfient..

3. Means for 'automatically synchronizing the velocities of tivo movable 'carrier elements each having a surface portion in close proximity to the other and moving in the same linear direetiomione of said carrier elements being driven through a variable speed mechanism, said automatic synchronizing means including' tivo rotatable members one of which operatively engages each ot' said carrier elements so as to be rotated through the movement thereof and at least one olf said members being freely rotatable and trictionally engaging one of said carrier elements so as to be rotated therebyat a ioheral speed correspondingito the veloco't said carrier element, a differential fliaiiisin operatively associated with and i by said rotatable members, said ditial mechanism having' a dillerential f which rotates as the vspeed ot said i members vzry ivhen di' ci'entials between ihe velocities et said carrier y whereby the rot tionA o; said dilil member is utiliz/ied to a uate sr'd sneed mechanism ei'llect lierei il vari al i' chan moines the velocities ot' tivo movable carrier elements each having a surface port-ion in close proximity to the other and moving in the saine linear direction, said means including two 'freely rotatable cylindrical members one ol' which is disposed so that its periphery trictionally engages each of said carrier elenieiits so as to be rotated through the movenient therrot at a peripheral speed corre? spending to the velocity of said carrierelen'ient, a dill'erential mechanism, said mechanisn-i having tivo members operatively associated with and driven by said freely rotatable members, and a rotatable dilercntial member which is revolved by said rotatable members as kthe relative speeds thereof vary Awhen dillerential occurs' loetween the velocities of said carrier elements, and means whereby .the rotation of said dill'erential member is utilized to edect a change in, and synchronize the velocity of one of said carrier elements relatively to that of said other carrier element..

5. Means for automatically synchronizing the velocities of two movable carrier eleiiients each having a surface portion in close proximity to the other and moving in the Same linear direction, said means comprising tivo freely rotatable cylindrical members one ot which is disposed so that its periphery trictionally' engages each of said carrier ele-v ments so as to be rotated through the movenient thereof at a peripheral speed correspending to the velocity of said carrier element, a dill'erential mechanism, said mechanism having 'two members operatively associated with and driven by said freely rotatable members, and a rotatable differential member which is revolved by said rotatable members as the relative speeds' thereof vary when ditl'erential occurs between the velocit-ies oli' said carrier elements,

a 'variable speed mechanism through which one ot said carrier elements is driven, said rotatable dill'erential member being operatively connected to said variable speed mechanism to ellect a change inthe velocity of the carrier element driven therethrough, n

Cil

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spending to the velocity ot'said carrier element, a diiilerential mechanism operatively associated with and driven by said rotatable members, said differential mechanism ineluding a ditlerential member Whichis revolved as the speeds of said rotatable members vary when dii'jerentials occur betweenthe velocities of said carrier elements, and mechanism adapted to be placed into operation by the 'rotation ot said differential member to effect a change in, and synchronize the velocity otI one` or said elements with that of said other carrier element irrespective ot variations in velocity oli'said last carrier element,

,7. Means for automatically synchronizing. the velocities of two movable carrier elements each having a surface portion in'close proximity to the others and moving in the v same linear direction, said means including two Jfreely rotatable cylindrical members one ot which is disposed so that its periphery trictionally engages each ot said carrier elements so as to be rotated through the movement thereof at a peripheral speech correspondiiig to the velocity ot' said carrier element, a dili'erential mechanism operatively associated with and driven by said freely rotatable members, said dili'erential mechanism having a differential member adapted to rotate as the speeds of said rotatable members vary when diterentials occur between said velocities of said carrier elements, a variable `speed mechanism through which one of said carrier elements is driven7 and which has a rotatable part which is normally substantially inert, and which, when moved, is adapted to actuate said speed mechanism7 and means for moving said part through thc rotation of said differential member to etlect a variation of velocity of the carrier element driven through said speed mechanism to synchronize the velocities oi said carrier elements.

8. Means 'lor automatically synchronizing the velocities of two movable carrier elements each having a surface portion in close proirin'iity to the other and moving in the same linear direction, said means including' two freely rotatable cylindrical members one or `which is disposed so that its periphery ifrictionally engages each of said carrier elements so as to be rotated through the movement thereof at a peripheral speed corresponding to the velocity ot' said carrier clement, ditlerential mechanisnn said didi-arent mechanism having two members operatively associated with and driven by` freely rotatable members and having a differential 4 member adapted, to rotate the speeds ot said rotatable membersvary when diti'erentials occur between said velocities otl said carrier elements9 vari ble speed mechanism through which one oi' said carrier elements is driien Twhich has a movable part.- which is normally substantially inert, and which when moved, is adapted to acti ate said variable speed mechanism, and mechanism interposedrbetween said dili'erential mechanism and said variable speed mechanism and which is adapted to be placed into operation by the rota-tion of said d-iilerential memberto move said movable part ot speed mechanism to eifect a change in 'the velocity of the carrier element driven through said speed mechanism and synchronize the. velocitiesl ot said carrier elements.

9. Means for autoniatically synchronizing the velocities of two movable carrier elements each having a surface portion in in close proximity to the vother and moving in the same lineardirection, one ci said elements having driving means for driving one of said carrier elements at a substan- Y tially constant velocity, and said other element having driving means for driving the same at substantially the same velocity as said other carrier element, said means being capable oli' variations in speed, said automatic synchronizing means comprising two rotatable members one of which operatively engages each of said carrier elements so as to be rotated through the movement thereof. and one of said members being freely rotatable 'and trictionally engaging one of said carrier elements so as to be rotated thereby at a peripheral speed corre-` spending` to the velocity ot said carrier element, a differential mechanism operatively associated with and driven by said rotatable members, said differential mechanism having` a differential member adapted to move as the speeds ot said rotatable members vary when differentials occur in the velocities of said'carrier elements, and connections between said differential mechanism 4and said last mentioned driving means, whereby when fluctuations occur in the velocity oit said carrier element driven thereby, such as toicause differential between said rotatable members and consequent movement of said di'l'lerential member, said last mentioned driving means will be actuated to effect a change in and restore the velocity ot saidcarrier element to that of said other carrier. element.-

10. Means for automatically synchronizing` the velocities of two movable carrier elements each having a surliace portion in close proximity to the other and moving in the same linear direction7 one ot said carrier elements being driven through a variable speed mechanism, *including belt driven cone pulley and a shifter device for shifting said belt along said puller, said automatic synchronizing means including two rotatable members least one et which operatively engages one of said carrier elements so as to be rotated through the movellO ment thereotI at a' peripheral speedv corresponding to the velocity of said carrier element, a differential mechanism operatively associated with and driven by 'said rotatable members, said differential mechanism havine` a differential member adapted to rotate as the speeds of said rotatable members vary when the ditlerentials occur between said relative velocities et. said carrier elements, and means disposed between said ditl'crential mechanism and said variable speed mechanism for translating said rotaryI motion ot said diit'crcntial member into alinear movement oi said belt shifter device to, actuate said vvariable speed mechanism and synchronize the velocity o't the carrier element driven thcrcthrougl'i with that of 'said other carrier element.

l1. Means for automatically synchronizing the velocities ot"two movable carrier elements, each having:r a surface portion in close proximity to the other and moving in the same linear direction, one of said carrier elements being' Adriven through a variable speed mechanism, including a belt driven cone pulley and a shifter deviceflcor shitting saidbelt along said pulley, said automatic synchronizing means including,v two rotatable members at least one oi which operatively engages one of said carrier elements so as to be rotated through the movement 'thereof at a peripheral speed corresponding'to the velocity of said carrier element, a differential mechanism operatively associated vvith and driven by said rotatable members, said differential 4mechanism having; a differential, member adapted to rotate as the speeds of said rotatable members vary when differentials occur be`= tween said relative velocities of said .carrier elements, a ratchet mechanism connected to said shifter device includingl two opposed ratchets, both ot saidy ratchets being nor-Y mally substantially inert and having no citeet on-said sliitter device, and either one of which is adapted to be placed into position ter actuating said shifter device to shirt said belt in kone direction or amtlicr. and connections between said differential member and said ratchet mechanism forv placing' either one ot said ratchets into operative position to move said shifter device, whereby the rotation et said diit'erential member is utilized to change-the velocity or the carrier clementl driven through said speed mechanism and synchronize it with that of said other carrier element.

12. Means tor automatically synchronizing the'vclocities ot' two'movable carrier elements each having; a surfaceA portion in close proximity to the other and moving; in the same iinear direction, said means including two rotatable members at least one ot which operatively engages one et said carrier elements so as te be rotated through the movenient thereof at. a peripheral. speed corresponding` to Ythe velocity o't sai(L carrier element, a differential mechanism operatively associated with and driven by said rotatable members, said ditierential mechaniftm having a diti'erential member adapted to move as the speeds or said rotatable members vary when diitcrentials occur between said velocities ot said carrier elements, whereby the movement ot' said differential member is utilized to actuate said variable speed mechanism and synchronize the velocity of said carrier element driven therethrough with that ot' said other element, and an indicating member secured to said rotatable differential member so as to move therewith to indicate, by its direction ot rotation, when diit'erential movement occurs, and the character of said movement.

13. Means for automatically synchronizing the velocities ot two movable carrier elements each having` a surface portion in close proximity to the other and moving in the same linear direction7 said means including two freely rotatable members at least one of which is disposed so that its periphery trictionally engagesone foit saidv carrier elements so as to be rotated through the movement thereot'at a peripheral speedv correspondingto the velocity ot' said carrier element, a ditl'erential mechanism operatively associated withl and driven by said freely rotatable members, said `differential mechanism having a differential member adapted to move as the speeds ot' said rotatable members vary when differentials occur between said velocities of said carrier elements, whereby the movement of said differential member is utilized to actuate said variable speed mechanism and synchronize the velocity of said carrier element driven therethrough with that et 'said other carrier elcment, an indicating member secured to said rotatable differential member so as to move therewith toidicate, by its direction or" rotation, When differential `occurs, and the. character ot' said movement, and an electric signal `device adaptedto be actuated by the rotation of said differential member to `rive warning' ot the presence ot and apprise one et' the character of differentials between said relative velocities ot. said carrier elements.

lt. Ricans for automatically synchronizing the velocities ot two movable carrier elements each having` a surface portion in close proximity to the'othcr and moving in the same linear direction, one of said carrier elements being driven through a variable speed mechanism includinga belt driven cone pulley and a shifter device for shittingsaid belt along' said pulley, said automatic synchronizing,- means including` two rotatable members at least one o'lf which operatively engages one of said carrier elementsI so as to be rotated through the movement bers vary whenl differentials 4occur between said relative velocities of said carrier elev ments, a ratchet mechanism connected to said shifter. device rincluding two opposed.

ratchets, either of which when turned adapted to move said shifterdevice, a dog for each ratchet for engaging and turning its ratchet in a direction opposite tothe other ratchet,- means for reciprocating said dogs to turn said ratchets, means for normally holding both of said dogs in inoper-y ative relation to said ratchets in such manner that the resulting movement of said ratcliets permits said shifter device to remain substantially inert, and means actu-4 ated by the rotation of said differential memberfor engaging one of said dogs with `its ratchet to turnsaid ratchet and move said shifter device, whereby the 'velocity of the carrier element which is driven through said variable speed mechanism is synchronized with that of said other carrier element. i

15. Means for automatically synchronizing the velocities of two movable carrier elements each having a surface portion in close proximity to the other and moving'in the same linear direction, one of said carrier elements being driven through a variable speed mechanism including a belt driven cone pulley and a shifter device for shifting said belt along said pulley, said automatic synchronizing means including two rotatable member-sat least one of which operatively engages one of said carrier elements so as to be rotated through the movement thereof -at a peripheral speed corresponding to the velocity of said cariier element, a differential mechanism operatively associated with and driven by said rotatable members, said differential mechanism hav- -ing a differential member adapted to rotate as the speeds of said rotatable members vary when differentials occur between said relative velocities of said carrier elements, a ratchet mechanism connected to said shifter device including two opposed ratchets either of which when turnedis adapted to move said shifter device, a dog for cach ratchet for engaging and turning its ratchet in a direction oppositeI to the other ratchet, an eccentri f adapted to be rotated through said rvariable speed mechanism to reciprocate said dogs and turn said ratchcts, means for normally holding both of said dogs in inoperative relation to said ratchets to permit said shifter device toremain substantially inert, and means actuated by the rotation of said differential member for engaging one vof said dogs with its ratchet to permit it to turn its ratchet and move said shifter device, whereby they velocity of thercarrier element which is driven through said variable speed mechanism is synchronized with that of said other carrier element.

16. Means for automatically synchronizing thcfl velocities of two movable carrier elements each. vhaving a surface portion in close proximity to the other and moving iny the same. linear direction, one of said carrier elements being driven through a variable speed mechanism including a belt driven cone pulley and a shifter device including a feed screw, and a member movable lengthwise thereof and engaging said belt for shift ing thev same along said pulley and which is moved by turning said screw, said automatic synchronizing -means lincluding two rotatable members at least one of which operatively engages one of said carrier elements so as to be rotated through the movement thereof at a peripheral speed corresponding to the velocity of said carrier element, a differential mechanism operatively associated with and'driven by said rotatable members, said differential mechanism having a differential members adapted to rotate as the speeds of saidv rotatable members vary when differeir' tials occur between said relative velocities of said carrier elements, a ratchet mechan nism connected to said shifted device including a pair of opposed ratehets fixed to said feed screw, a dog for each ratchet for engaging and turning its ratchet in a direction opposite'to the other ratchet, means for normally holding both of said dogs in their inoperative relation to said ratchets to permit said shifter device to remain substantially inert,` and rocker mechanism adapted to be actuated by the rotation of said diderential member for engaging one of said dogs with its ratchet to permit it to turn its ratchet and move said shifter device, whereby the velocity of the carrier element which is driven through said variable speed mechanism is synchronized with that ofl said other carrier element.

17. Means for automatically synchronizing` the velo-cities of two travelling carrier elements, said means includingl tivo freely rotatable members at least one of which is disposed in operative` relation to one of said carrier elements so that. said carrier elements frictionally engage and pass over the peripheries of said members, whereby each member is rotated at a peripheral speed corresponding to the velocity of the respective' carrie elements, a differential mechanism operatively associated with and driven by said rotatable members, said mechanism having a. differential member which moves as the speeds of said rotatable members vary when differentials occur between the velocities of said carrier elemente, and means actuated by said differential member to automatically change the velocity of one of said carrier elements and synchronize the same with that of the other carrier element.-

tated at a peripheral speecl'corresponding to the velocity of the respective,r carrier elements, a differential mechanism operatively associated with and driven by said rotatablel members, Said mechanism having a differential member which moves as the Speeds of said rotatable membersvary when ditfeientials occur between the velocities of ASaid arrier elements7 and mesme actuated by said differential member to aetuate said variable `speed mechanism to auton'iatieally' cilect a change in the velocity of the carrier element driven therethrough and synchronize vit with that of saidothcr carrier element:

'CHARLES G. CLINCH. NAPOLEON RIGABAR. CHARLES R. GIBBS. 

